Briard Dog

The Briard, or Berger de Brie (Shepherd of Brie), is an ancient French herding breed with a history that dates back to at least the 8th century, possibly even earlier. They are believed to have originated in the Brie region of France, though they were found throughout the country. These robust and shaggy dogs were indispensable to French farmers and shepherds for centuries, prized for their intelligence, courage, and versatility in both herding and guarding flocks of sheep and herds of cattle. Their long, weatherproof coats provided protection from the elements as they worked tirelessly in varied terrains.

Briards were not only working dogs but also cherished companions and protectors of the home. Legend has it that a Briard belonging to Aubry de Montdidier avenged his master’s murder in the 14th century, leading to the breed’s association with loyalty and justice. They served as sentry dogs, messengers, and pack animals for the French army during both World Wars, which sadly led to a decline in their numbers. Dedicated breeders worked to preserve the breed post-war. The Briard was first recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1928. Today, they are valued as loyal family companions and excel in various canine sports, though they retain their strong herding and guarding instincts.

The Briard is known for its intelligent, loyal, and courageous temperament. They are deeply devoted to their families, forming strong bonds and often being particularly affectionate and playful with children they are raised with. Their herding and guarding heritage instills in them a strong protective instinct, making them excellent watchdogs who are naturally wary of strangers. They are not typically aggressive without cause but will not hesitate to defend their loved ones or territory if they perceive a threat.

Briards are highly intelligent and learn quickly, but they also possess an independent streak and can be strong-willed. They require a confident, experienced owner who can provide firm, fair, and consistent leadership using positive reinforcement techniques. Early and extensive socialization is crucial to ensure they are well-adjusted and to manage their natural reserve with unfamiliar people and situations. They are energetic and need a purpose; a bored Briard can become mischievous or develop undesirable behaviors. They thrive on being an integral part of family life and enjoy participating in activities with their people.

The Briard’s most distinctive feature is its long, shaggy double coat. The outer coat is coarse, hard, and dry (not wiry), lying flat in long, slightly wavy locks, while the undercoat is fine and tight. This magnificent coat requires significant and regular grooming to prevent tangles and severe matting, which can be painful and lead to skin problems.

Thorough brushing and combing down to the skin are essential at least two to three times a week, and for many, daily attention is needed, especially during shedding season or if the dog is active outdoors. A pin brush, slicker brush, undercoat rake, and a sturdy comb are necessary tools. Pay particular attention to areas prone to matting, such as behind the ears, under the legs, the belly, and the beard. Briards are moderate shedders. Baths should be given as needed, and it’s crucial to ensure their dense coat is rinsed thoroughly and dried completely. Their long beard and mustache will require regular cleaning to prevent food debris buildup and odor. The hair falling over their eyes can be tied up or trimmed by a professional groomer to allow clear vision if desired. Routine nail trims, ear cleaning, and dental care are also vital.

Briards are energetic and athletic dogs that require a significant amount of daily exercise and mental stimulation to stay physically fit and mentally satisfied. They were bred for long days of active work and retain considerable stamina and a drive for activity. This is not a breed suited for a sedentary lifestyle.

Aim for at least one to two hours of vigorous activity per day, plus ongoing mental challenges. Excellent exercise options for a Briard include:

• Long, brisk walks, jogging, or running alongside a bicycle (once fully mature and conditioned).
• Off-leash play in a large, securely fenced area. They enjoy romping and running freely.
• Canine sports: Briards excel in herding trials, agility, obedience, rally, tracking, and even carting.
• Hiking in varied terrain.
• Interactive games like fetch or puzzle toys to keep their intelligent minds engaged.

Without a consistent and sufficient outlet for their physical and mental energy, Briards can become bored, frustrated, and may develop destructive behaviors or excessive barking. They thrive when they have a “job” to do and are actively involved with their owners.

Briards are generally a hardy breed, but like all large breeds, they can be susceptible to certain genetic health conditions. Responsible breeders screen their breeding stock for these issues. Potential health concerns include:

• Hip Dysplasia: A common concern in large breeds, involving malformation of the hip joint. Elbow dysplasia can also occur.
• Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (CSNB):** An inherited eye condition affecting vision in low light. DNA testing is available and crucial for breeding stock.
• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA):** Another inherited eye condition that can lead to blindness.
• Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus – GDV):** A life-threatening emergency common in deep-chested breeds.
• Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid gland.
• Von Willebrand’s Disease:** An inherited bleeding disorder, though less common.
• Autoimmune Issues:** Some autoimmune conditions can occur.
• Cancer:** Various forms of cancer can affect the breed.