Nederlandse Kooikerhondje

The Nederlandse Kooikerhondje, or “Kooiker,” is an old Dutch breed with a history that dates back to at least the 16th and 17th centuries in the Netherlands. These charming spaniel-type dogs are depicted in paintings by Dutch Old Masters such as Jan Steen and Vermeer. Their primary and unique historical role was that of a “kooiker’s hondje” – a duck decoy dog. They were used by “kooikers” (duck hunters) to lure ducks into elaborate pond traps called “eendenkooi.” The dog would playfully weave in and out of screens along the canal, its white, feathery tail acting as an irresistible lure to the curious ducks, drawing them further into the trap without barking or directly chasing them.

This specialized work required intelligence, agility, and a quiet, responsive nature. For centuries, Kooikers were essential to this form of hunting. However, like many European breeds, their numbers declined significantly by the early 20th century, and they faced near extinction after World War II. The breed was revived through the dedicated efforts of Baroness van Hardenbroek van Ammerstol in the 1940s, who gathered remaining individuals and carefully re-established the breed. The Dutch breed club was formed in 1966, and the Kooikerhondje was officially recognized by the Dutch Kennel Club in 1971. The American Kennel Club recognized the breed in 2018.

The Kooikerhondje is known for its cheerful, intelligent, and lively temperament. They are typically very affectionate and form strong, loyal bonds with their families, thriving on human companionship and interaction. Kooikers are playful and possess a good deal of energy and enthusiasm, often retaining a youthful spirit. They are alert and aware of their surroundings, making them good watchdogs that will bark to announce visitors or anything unusual, though they are not typically aggressive.

Their intelligence makes them quick learners, but they are also a sensitive breed and do not respond well to harsh training methods or loud voices. Positive reinforcement, patience, and consistency are key. Early and consistent socialization is important to ensure they grow into well-adjusted adults, as they can be somewhat reserved or wary of strangers if not properly exposed to various people and situations. They are generally good with children if raised with them and can get along well with other dogs, though their retrieving and “luring” instincts might sometimes extend to smaller pets if not managed.

The Kooikerhondje has a beautiful medium-length, slightly wavy or straight double coat that is weather-resistant. They have distinctive feathering on their ears (often with black tips called “earrings”), legs, belly, and tail. The coat is predominantly white with clear orange-red patches.

Grooming needs are moderate. They are average shedders. Regular brushing, two to three times a week with a pin brush or slicker brush and a comb, is necessary to prevent tangles and mats, especially in the feathered areas which can easily pick up debris. The coat is generally kept natural and should not be overly trimmed, though some tidying around the feet may be done. Baths should be given as needed. Their drop ears should be checked and cleaned regularly to prevent ear infections, particularly if the dog swims. Routine nail trims and diligent dental care are also crucial grooming tasks.

Kooikerhondjes are energetic and agile dogs that require regular daily exercise to stay physically fit and mentally stimulated. They are not hyperactive but enjoy being active and engaged with their families. Aim for at least an hour of activity per day, which should include more than just leisurely leash walks.

Good exercise options for a Kooikerhondje include:

• Brisk daily walks, jogging (once fully mature), or hiking.
• Playtime in a securely fenced yard. They enjoy games like fetch, chasing toys, or simply romping.
• Canine sports: Their intelligence and agility make them excel in activities like agility, flyball, obedience, rally, or even dock diving if they enjoy water.
• Interactive puzzle toys and learning new tricks to keep their sharp minds engaged.

Without a sufficient outlet for their energy and intelligence, Kooikerhondjes can become bored, which may lead to undesirable behaviors. They thrive in active homes where they can be a regular participant in their family’s adventures.

The Kooikerhondje, having been revived from a relatively small gene pool, can be susceptible to certain genetic health conditions. Responsible breeders screen their breeding stock diligently. Potential health concerns include:

• Von Willebrand’s Disease (vWD): An inherited bleeding disorder. DNA testing is available and crucial for breeding stock.
• Hereditary Necrotizing Myelopathy (ENM): A serious, progressive neurological disease. DNA testing is available.
• Patellar Luxation: Dislocation of the kneecap, common in many small to medium breeds.
• Eye Conditions: Including cataracts and distichiasis (ingrown eyelashes). Eye certification is important for breeding stock.
• Polymyositis:** An inflammatory muscle disease.
• Renal Dysplasia:** A kidney disorder.