Irish Wolfhound

The Irish Wolfhound is an ancient breed with a history steeped in legend and admiration, dating back to well before the 1st century AD in Ireland. These majestic sighthounds were highly prized by Irish chieftains and royalty for their formidable size, courage, and skill in hunting large game, most notably wolves (which were then common in Ireland) and the giant Irish elk. They were also used as war dogs, capable of pulling men from horseback, and as impressive guardians of homes and castles. Their motto was “Gentle when stroked, fierce when provoked.”

For centuries, Irish Wolfhounds were so valued that they were often given as royal gifts and exported to other noble houses across Europe and beyond. However, as wolves and elk became extinct in Ireland by the late 18th century, and due to famines and changing land use, the breed’s numbers dwindled to the point of near extinction by the mid-19th century. A British army officer, Captain George Augustus Graham, along with other dedicated enthusiasts, undertook the monumental task of reviving the breed. They gathered remaining specimens and are thought to have outcrossed with Scottish Deerhounds, Great Danes, and possibly Borzoi to restore the Irish Wolfhound to its former glory. The Irish Wolfhound Club was founded in 1885, and the American Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1897.

The Irish Wolfhound’s temperament is a beautiful blend of courage and gentleness. Despite their imposing size and historical role as fierce hunters, they are known for their calm, dignified, and remarkably patient nature, especially within the home. They are deeply loyal and affectionate with their families, often forming strong bonds and displaying a quiet devotion. Irish Wolfhounds are typically very good with children, being gentle and tolerant, though their sheer size necessitates supervision to prevent accidental knock-overs.

While they are courageous and will protect their loved ones if a serious threat arises, they are not typically aggressive or overly suspicious of strangers. Their massive presence alone is often a sufficient deterrent. As sighthounds, they possess an independent streak and a strong prey drive, particularly for fast-moving objects. They are sensitive dogs that respond best to positive reinforcement and gentle, respectful handling. They thrive on human companionship and do not do well if left isolated for long periods.

The Irish Wolfhound has a rough, harsh, and wiry double coat that is longer and shaggier over the eyes and under the jaw, forming slight eyebrows and a beard. This coat provided protection from the harsh Irish climate and from the bites of prey. Accepted colors include gray, brindle, red, black, pure white, or fawn.

Grooming needs are moderate. Regular weekly brushing with a pin brush or slicker brush, and a comb, will help remove loose dead hair, prevent tangles, and keep the coat healthy. The wiry texture is best maintained by occasional hand-stripping (plucking dead outer hairs) or professional grooming that includes this technique, especially for show dogs. Clipping can alter the coat’s harsh texture, making it softer. Baths are needed only occasionally. Regular nail trims are crucial due to their size, as are ear cleaning and dental care.

Irish Wolfhounds, despite their giant size and sighthound heritage, have moderate exercise needs once they reach adulthood. They are not built for extreme endurance like some other working breeds but do require regular daily activity to stay healthy and prevent obesity. Several daily walks, totaling about 30-60 minutes, combined with opportunities to stretch their long legs and gallop in a large, very securely fenced area, are usually sufficient.

It is crucial not to over-exercise Irish Wolfhound puppies during their rapid growth phase (up to 18-24 months), as this can put excessive strain on their developing bones and joints. Forced running or long jogs are not recommended for young hounds. Once mature, they enjoy a good gallop but are often content to be “couch potatoes” indoors after their exercise. Due to their strong prey drive and speed, they should **never** be allowed off-leash in an unsecured area. Lure coursing can be an enjoyable activity for them if available and done safely.

The Irish Wolfhound, like most giant breeds, unfortunately has a relatively short lifespan and is prone to several serious health conditions. Responsible breeders screen their breeding stock diligently. Potential health concerns include:

• Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus – GDV): This is a major, life-threatening concern for deep-chested giant breeds like the Irish Wolfhound. Owners must be aware of the signs and preventative measures.
• Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): A serious heart condition where the heart muscle becomes enlarged and weakened. Regular cardiac screening is crucial.
• Osteosarcoma (Bone Cancer): A significant concern in giant breeds.
• Hip and Elbow Dysplasia: Malformation of these joints.
• Portosystemic Shunt (Liver Shunt): A congenital blood vessel abnormality affecting the liver.
• Pneumonia:** Can be a risk, especially in young or older hounds.
• Von Willebrand’s Disease:** An inherited bleeding disorder.
• Anesthesia Sensitivity:** Like many sighthounds, they can be sensitive to certain anesthetic drugs.