Pembroke Welsh Corgi

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is an ancient herding breed with a history in Wales dating back to at least the 10th century. While their exact origins are debated, it is believed they are descended from Spitz-type dogs brought to Pembrokeshire, Wales, by Flemish weavers who were invited to the region by King Henry I in 1107. These small but sturdy dogs were indispensable to Welsh farmers, used primarily as cattle herders. Their low stature was a great advantage, allowing them to nip at the heels of cattle to drive them and then quickly duck to avoid being kicked.

For centuries, both the Pembroke and Cardigan Welsh Corgis were often interbred and considered one breed. In 1934, The Kennel Club (UK) officially recognized them as two separate and distinct breeds. The Pembroke gained immense worldwide fame and popularity through its association with Queen Elizabeth II, who received her first Pembroke, Dookie, in 1933 and owned more than 30 throughout her reign. Today, while still capable herders, Pembroke Welsh Corgis are primarily cherished as spirited and affectionate family companions.

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is known for its bold, outgoing, and playful temperament, often described as a “big dog in a small package.” They are highly intelligent and possess a quick-witted nature, always alert and aware of their surroundings. Pembrokes are generally affectionate and form strong, loyal bonds with their families. They are typically good-natured and can be wonderful companions for children, though their herding instincts may sometimes lead them to nip at heels during play, a behavior that should be discouraged early on.

As herding dogs, they can be bossy and are known for being quite vocal, using a surprisingly deep and resonant bark to announce anything they deem noteworthy. They are generally friendly with people and other pets if well-socialized from a young age. Pembrokes are active and athletic little dogs that thrive on having a job to do, whether it’s participating in canine sports or simply being an engaged member of the family. They are not quiet lapdogs and need regular mental and physical stimulation to be happy.

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has a thick, weather-resistant double coat with a soft, light undercoat and a coarser, longer outercoat. This coat is highly effective but also sheds profusely year-round, with even heavier seasonal “coat blows” twice a year. Corgi owners often affectionately refer to the shed hair as “Corgi glitter.”

Regular grooming is essential to manage the shedding and keep the coat healthy. Daily brushing during shedding season with an undercoat rake or slicker brush is highly recommended. For the rest of the year, thorough brushing a few times a week should suffice. Baths are needed only occasionally, as their coat is naturally somewhat dirt-repellent. It’s important to ensure they are rinsed thoroughly and dried completely. Regular nail trims are crucial, as are ear checks and dental care.

Pembroke Welsh Corgis are surprisingly athletic and energetic dogs that require regular daily exercise to maintain their physical and mental health. They were bred to be active herders, and despite their short legs, they have considerable stamina and agility. They are also prone to obesity if not given enough activity.

Aim for at least one to two moderate walks per day, along with opportunities for more vigorous play. Good exercise options include:

• Brisk daily walks on a leash.
• Playtime in a securely fenced yard. They often enjoy games of fetch with a ball.
• Canine sports: Pembrokes excel in activities like herding trials, agility, obedience, and rally, which challenge both their minds and bodies.
• Learning new tricks and using puzzle toys to provide mental stimulation.

It’s important to be mindful of their long back; they should be prevented from jumping from high places to minimize the risk of back injuries.

Pembroke Welsh Corgis are generally a hardy breed, but like all purebred dogs, they can be prone to certain genetic health conditions. Responsible breeders screen their breeding stock. Potential health concerns include:

• Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD): Due to their long back and short legs (achondroplasia), Pembrokes are at increased risk for spinal disc problems.
• Hip Dysplasia: A common concern in many breeds, involving malformation of the hip joint.
• Degenerative Myelopathy (DM): A progressive disease of the spinal cord that can cause paralysis. DNA testing is available and crucial for breeding stock.
• Eye Conditions: Including Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), cataracts, and persistent pupillary membranes.
• Heart Conditions:** Such as Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA).
• Von Willebrand’s Disease:** An inherited bleeding disorder.