Pont-Audemer Spaniel

The Pont-Audemer Spaniel, or Epagneul Pont-Audemer, is a rare and distinctive water spaniel breed originating from the Pont-Audemer region of Normandy, France, with a history that likely dates back to the 19th century or earlier. These unique spaniels were developed by French hunters who needed a hardy, agile, and skilled dog for hunting waterfowl in the challenging marshlands and wetlands of the region. Their ancestry is thought to include crosses between various old French spaniel types, the Irish Water Spaniel (for its curly coat and water abilities), and possibly the Barbet.

The Pont-Audemer Spaniel was highly valued for its excellent nose, strong retrieving instincts both in water and on land, and its ability to work tirelessly in difficult conditions. Their most striking features are their long, curly or very wavy coat, often in liver or brown roan, and the characteristic topknot of curls on their head, which, along with their often comical expressions and playful nature, earned them the nickname “le petit clown des marais” (the little clown of the marshes). Like many European sporting breeds, their numbers declined significantly during the World Wars. Dedicated efforts by French breeders, particularly in the mid-20th century, were crucial in saving the breed from extinction, though it remains quite rare today, even in its native France.

The Pont-Audemer Spaniel is renowned for its playful, intelligent, and affectionate temperament, often coupled with a distinct sense of humor and a clownish disposition. They are typically very good-natured dogs that form strong bonds with their families and thrive on human companionship. These spaniels are energetic and enjoy being involved in activities, displaying a keenness for work and play. While focused and determined when hunting or retrieving, they are generally cheerful and engaging companions in the home.

Their intelligence makes them quick learners, and they are often eager to please, but they can also possess a typical spaniel’s independent or mischievous streak. Early and consistent socialization is important to ensure they are well-adjusted and confident in various situations. Pont-Audemer Spaniels are generally good with children, especially if raised with them, often being playful and tolerant. They can usually get along well with other dogs, but their hunting instincts might mean caution is needed around very small non-canine pets unless properly socialized. They are alert and will bark to announce visitors, making them decent watchdogs.

The Pont-Audemer Spaniel has a distinctive long, curly or very wavy coat that is somewhat shaggy and naturally oily, providing excellent water resistance. The coat forms a characteristic topknot on the head, and there is good feathering on the ears, legs, and body. The primary colors are liver, liver and white roan, or brown roan.

This unique coat requires regular grooming to prevent tangles and mats from forming, which can happen easily in their curls, especially if they are active outdoors and in water. Brushing and combing several times a week are recommended, paying particular attention to areas prone to matting. The coat is generally not clipped short all over like a Poodle, but some tidying and shaping may be done, particularly to maintain the topknot and keep the hair out of the eyes and ears clear. They are considered moderate shedders. Baths should be given as needed, using a shampoo suited for their type of coat. Their long, pendulous, curly ears are very prone to infections and must be checked and cleaned thoroughly and regularly. Routine nail trims and dental care are also essential.

Pont-Audemer Spaniels are energetic and athletic sporting dogs that require a good amount of daily exercise to stay physically fit and mentally stimulated. They were bred for active work in and around water and possess considerable stamina and a love for activity. They are not suited for a consistently sedentary lifestyle.

Aim for at least an hour or more of robust activity per day. True to their heritage, most Pont-Audemer Spaniels love swimming, and it’s an excellent form of exercise for them. Other good exercise options include:

• Long, brisk daily walks, jogging, or hiking, especially in natural environments.
• Retrieving games with balls or water toys, which cater to their natural instincts.
• Off-leash play in a large, securely fenced area.
• Canine sports such as hunt tests, retrieving trials, dock diving, agility, or obedience.

Without a sufficient outlet for their energy and intelligence, Pont-Audemer Spaniels can become bored, which may lead to undesirable behaviors. They thrive in active homes where they can participate in outdoor activities with their families, particularly those involving water.

The Pont-Audemer Spaniel is generally considered a hardy breed, but due to its rarity and historically small gene pool, it can be susceptible to certain health conditions. Responsible breeding practices are crucial. Potential health concerns include:

• Hip Dysplasia: A malformation of the hip joint, common in many medium to large breeds. Elbow dysplasia can also occur.
• Ear Infections (Otitis Externa): Very common due to their long, heavy, curly ears trapping moisture, especially if they swim frequently. Diligent, regular ear cleaning is absolutely essential.
• Eye Conditions: While not widespread, occasional eye issues such as entropion or ectropion could occur.
• Alopecia/Skin Issues:** Some individuals may be prone to hair loss or skin sensitivities, possibly related to thyroid function or allergies.
• Hypothyroidism:** An underactive thyroid gland.